摘要： 木质林产品(HWP)的碳储藏及碳流动是《联合国气候变化框架公约》的重要气候谈判议题。美国作为木质林产品生产、进出口大国以及温室气体的排放大国，木质林产品的碳储量及其减排策略对我国参与气候谈判具有重要的参考价值。本研究比较了政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)木质林产品碳核算的评价模型，分别运用储量变化法、生产法、大气流动法对1961-2012年的美国木质林产品的碳储量进行估算。结果显示，美国木质林产品的碳储存总体呈上升趋势，木质林产品的碳流动与美国爆发的四次经济危机等宏观经济周期密切相关，就储量变化法核算来看，2012年美国木质林产品的碳储量达到2395.34百万吨,对美国国家碳库的正增长做出了重要贡献。通过进一步跟踪美国在减排领域的政策调整，发现其政策效应对应对气候问题具有积极影响，美国木质林产品碳储量及其减排政策对于我国利用林产品提高碳储量、调整减排策略及应对气候谈判具有重要参考价值。

关键词：木质林产品；美国；碳流动；减排策略  

Abstract：The carbon storage and flow of harvest wood products (HWP) has become an important issue in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). As a strong country with a large number of production, imports and exports in HWP as well as its large carbon emission, the way of USA to reduce the carbon will have a reference value on China. This paper compared the accounting models of carbon storage on Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), making a estimation of carbon stock in HWP during the period from 1961 to 2012 of USA with the stock-change approach, production approach and atmospheric-flow approach respectively. The results show that the carbon stock of USA has increased generally and its carbon flow is related to the economic crisis four times. Based on the Stock-change approach, the carbon stock in HWP of USA was up to 2395.34TgC in 2012, which made a large contribution to the carbon stock of USA. The policies of carbon reduction have a positive influence on the improvement of climate problems and it’s beneficial for China to improve the carbon stock and reduce the carbon emission.

Key words： Harvested Wood Products; United States of America; Carbon Flow; Methods of Carbon Reduction

基金资助:本文得到教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目（13YJAZH114）、江苏省高校“青蓝工程”中青年学术带头人项目及国家林业公益性行业科研专项（201204107）的研究资助。